Glossary
Definitions of terms and regulations
There are currently 33 glossary in this directory beginning with the letter A.
A
Access to Treatment Committee
The Committee at n-Lorem that reviews proposals from physicians to treat genetically confirmed nano-rare disease patients.
adaptive immunity
The function of adaptive immune responses is to destroy invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce.
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
A molecule that provides energy to cells and is involved in many cellular processes, including muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and cell division.
adrenergic system
Produces adrenaline and noradrenaline and can make the plasma membrane more unstable, which results in an increase in heart rate.
aerobic metabolism
The process by which cells convert oxygen and nutrients into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.
aerosol
A suspension of fine solid or liquid particles in gas. In medicine, aerosols can be used to administer drugs.
agonist
A chemical that interacts with a receptor and causes a positive activation of the signaling system.
allele
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
alveoli
Small, air-filled sacs in the lungs where gas exchange between the air and blood takes place.
amino acids
The building blocks of proteins, consisting of organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxyl group.
amyloid kidney disease
A type of kidney disease caused by the buildup of abnormal proteins (amyloid) in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage and dysfunction.
anaerobic metabolism
The process by which cells convert nutrients into energy without the use of oxygen.
aneurysm
A bulging, weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel that can rupture and cause serious bleeding or other complications.
antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs)
Short, synthetic, single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides that can alter RNA and reduce, restore or modify protein expression through several distinct mechanisms.
aorta
The main artery in the body that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
arterioles
Small blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart; connectors between your arteries and capillaries.
arthritis
A group of conditions characterized by inflammation and damage to the joints, causing pain, stiffness, and loss of mobility.
atrial flutter
A type of heart rhythm disorder (arrhythmia) caused by problems in the heart's electrical system.
atrioventricular block
A delay or disturbance in the transmission of an impulse from the atria to the ventricles.
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